Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a life threatening obstetric emergency characterized by sudden cardiorespiratory collapse and disseminated intravascular coagulation. It is a rare but serious condition that occurs when amniotic fluid – the fluid that surrounds a baby in the uterus during pregnancy – or fetal material, such as fetal cells, enters the mother’s bloodstream. Amniotic fluid embolism is most likely to occur during delivery or in the immediate postpartum period.
Symptoms: Amniotic fluid embolism might develop suddenly and rapidly. Signs and symptoms might include: Sudden shortness of breath, Excess fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), Sudden low blood pressure, Sudden failure of the heart to effectively pump blood (cardiovascular collapse), Life-threatening problems with blood clotting (disseminated intravascular coagulopathy), Bleeding from the uterus, cesarean incision or intravenous (IV) sites, Altered mental status, such as anxiety or a sense of doom, Chills, Rapid heart rate or disturbances in the rhythm of the heart rate, Fetal distress, such as a slow heart rate, or other fetal heart rate abnormalities, Seizures, Loss of consciousness.
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