The amnion is a membrane that closely covers the embryo when first formed. It fills with the amniotic fluid which causes the amnion to expand and become the amniotic sac which serves to provide a protective environment for the developing embryo or fetus. The amnion is a membranous sac which surrounds and protects the embryo. The amniotic cavity is roofed in by a single stratum of flattened, ectodermal cells, the amniotic ectoderm, and its floor consists of the ectoderm of the embryonic disc. A thin layer of mesoderm, continuous with that of the somatopleure, is located just outside the amniotic ectoderm, and is connected to the mesodermal lining of the chorion by the body-stalk. When first formed, the amnion is in direct contact with the body of the embryo, but about the fourth or fifth week, amnionic fluid begins to accumulate within it. As the volume of the fluid increases, the amnion expands and ultimately adheres to the inner surface of the chorion.
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