Endometrioma is a type of cyst formed when endometrial tissue (the mucous membrane that makes up the inner layer of the uterine wall) grows in the ovaries. It affects women during the reproductive years and may cause chronic pelvic pain associated with menstruation. Endometriosis can be present in the form of classic implants located on the surface of one or both ovaries but it can also be found deep within them. Deep ovarian endometriosis forms dark fluid-filled cavities that can vary in size known as endometriomas or “chocolate cysts”. The diagnosis of an endometrioma may be suspected based on ultrasound imaging of the pelvis, but the final diagnosis must be based on microscopic examination of the cyst itself.
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Women's Health and Complications 