The most common reason for an abnormal Pap test is a vaginal or cervical infection that causes changes in the cells of your cervix. Most of these changes can be followed closely until they return to normal. Often, your body will clear the HPV infection that caused the changes all by itself. A Pap test, also called a “Pap smear,” is often part of a pelvic exam. The word “Pap” is short for Papanicolaou, which is the last name of the doctor who studied changes in cervical cells. A Pap test is usually done at age 21 unless you have special risks such as immune problems or HIV. It’s the only way to check the cells on your cervix for changes that can lead to cancer. Your provider will usually check for STIs (sexually transmitted infections) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea at the same time (if you are <25 years old or have risks for STIs).
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Women's Health and Complications 