Cervical weakness, also called cervical incompetence or cervical insufficiency, is a medical condition of pregnancy in which the cervix begins to dilate (widen) and efface (thin) before the pregnancy has reached term.  In a normal pregnancy, dilation and effacement occurs in response to uterine contractions. An incompetent cervix, also called a cervical insufficiency, occurs when weak cervical tissue causes or contributes to premature birth or the loss of an otherwise healthy pregnancy.  If you have an incompetent cervix, your cervix might begin to open too soon — causing you to give birth too early.

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Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of pregnancy-related conditions that develop inside a woman’s uterus (womb). The abnormal cells start in the tissue that would normally become the placenta. The placenta is the organ that develops during pregnancy to feed the fetus. A baby may or may not develop during these types of pregnancies. There are several types of GTD: Choriocarcinoma (a type of cancer), Hydatiform mole (also called a molar pregnancy).

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Cervical conization refers to an excision of a cone-shaped sample of tissue from the mucous membrane of the cervix. Conization may be used either for diagnostic purposes as part of a biopsy, or for therapeutic purposes to remove pre-cancerous cells. Types include: cold knife conization. A cone biopsy (conization) is surgery to remove a sample of abnormal tissue from the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus (womb) that opens at the top of the vagina. Abnormal changes in the cells on the surface of the cervix is called cervical dysplasia.

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A cone biopsy is an extensive form of a cervical biopsy. It is called a cone biopsy because a cone-shaped wedge of tissue is removed from the cervix and examined under a microscope. A cone biopsy removes abnormal tissue that is high in the cervical canal.  A small amount of normal tissue around the cone-shaped wedge of abnormal tissue is also removed so that a margin free of abnormal cells is left in the cervix. A cone biopsy can: Remove a thin or a thick cone of tissue from the cervix, depending on how much tissue needs to be examined, be used to diagnose and sometimes to treat abnormal cervical tissue. The abnormal tissue is removed and sent to a lab to be examined.

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Cervical screening is the process of detecting and removing abnormal tissue or cells in the cervix before cervical cancer develops. By aiming to detect and treat cervical neoplasia early on, cervical screening aims at secondary prevention of cervical cancer. The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus (the hollow, pear-shaped organ where a fetus grows). The cervix leads from the uterus to the vagina (birth canal). ests are used to screen for different types of cancer when a person does not have symptoms. Studies show that screening for cervical cancer helps decrease the number of deaths from the disease. A Pap test is commonly used to screen for cervical cancer, After certain positive Pap test results, an HPV test may be done, An HPV test may be done with or without a Pap test to screen for cervical cancer, Screening tests for cervical cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

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Breast cancer screening is the medical screening of asymptomatic, apparently healthy women for breast cancer in an attempt to achieve an earlier diagnosis. The assumption is that early detection will improve outcomes. ompares recommendations from several leading organizations. All women need to be informed by their health care provider about the best screening options for them. Mammography is the best tool doctors have to screen healthy women for breast cancer, as it has been shown to lower deaths from the disease.

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Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar (glucose) that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It can happen at any stage of pregnancy, but is more common in the second or third trimester. Gestational diabetes means you have high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Your blood sugar levels were normal before you got pregnant.

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Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disorder that often results in unpredictable hair loss. In the majority of cases, hair falls out in small patches around the size of a quarter. For most people, the hair loss is nothing more than a few patches, though in some cases it can be more extreme. causes alopecia areata?: Another autoimmune disease such as thyroid disease or vitiligo (patches of lighter skin appear), Asthma and allergies, mainly atopic dermatitis (more commonly called eczema) and hay fever (nasal allergies)

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Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is a common and underreported condition associated with decreased estrogenization of the vaginal tissue. Symptoms include dryness, irritation, soreness, and dyspareunia with urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence.

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Sexual medicine is a medical specialty that deals with sexual health. The specialty is concerned with diagnosing, assessing and treating all aspects which relate to sexuality disorders of the sexual organs. Congenital or acquired, these conditions refer to any pathology which interferes with the perception of satisfactory sexual health. Varied conditions include absent sexual organs, hermaphrodite and other genetic malformations, or trauma such as amputation or lacerations. Examples of conditions which may be treated by specialists in this field include: Erectile dysfunction, Loss of libido, Dyspareunia, Failure to complete intercourse, Infection, Sexuality issues

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