Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin. Breast cancer is cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts. Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but it’s far more common in women. Breast cancer survival rates have increased, and the number of deaths associated with this disease is steadily declining, largely due to factors such as earlier detection, a new personalized approach to treatment and a better understanding of the disease. Symptoms: Signs and symptoms of breast cancer may include: A breast lump or thickening that feels different from the surrounding tissue, Change in the size, shape or appearance of a breast, Changes to the skin over the breast, such as dimpling, A newly inverted nipple, Peeling, scaling, crusting or flaking of the pigmented area of skin surrounding the nipple (areola) or breast skin, Redness or pitting of the skin over your breast, like the skin of an orange.

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Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a new term that describes various menopausal symptoms and signs including not only genital symptoms (dryness, burning, and irritation), and sexual symptoms (lack of lubrication, discomfort or pain, and impaired function, but also urinary symptoms (urgency, dysuria, and recurrent urinary tract infections). The terms vulvovaginal atrophy and atrophic vaginitis, which were generally used until recently, had a limitation because they did not cover the full spectrum of symptoms and did not imply that the symptoms are related to a decreased estrogen level in menopause. Since the GSM may have a profound negative impact on the quality of life of postmenopausal women, women should be made aware of these problems and treated with an appropriate effective therapy.

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Vaginal Atrophy

Vaginal atrophy (atrophic vaginitis) is thinning, drying and inflammation of the vaginal walls that may occur when your body has less estrogen. Vaginal atrophy occurs most often after menopause. For many women, vaginal atrophy not only makes intercourse painful but also leads to distressing urinary symptoms. Because the condition causes both vaginal and urinary symptoms, doctors use the term “genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)” to describe vaginal atrophy and its accompanying symptoms. Symptoms: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) signs and symptoms may include:, Vaginal dryness, Vaginal burning, Vaginal discharge, Genital itching, Burning with urination, Urgency with urination, Frequent urination, Recurrent urinary tract infections, Urinary incontinence, Light bleeding after intercourse.

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Asherman Syndrome

Asherman syndrome is a rare condition. In most cases, it occurs in women who have had several dilatation and curettage (D&C) procedures. A severe pelvic infection unrelated to surgery may also lead to Asherman syndrome. Adhesions in the uterine cavity can also form after infection with tuberculosis or schistosomiasis. Asherman syndrome is a rare condition. In most cases, it occurs in women who have had several dilatation and curettage (D&C) procedures. A severe pelvic infection unrelated to surgery may also lead to Asherman syndrome. Adhesions in the uterine cavity can also form after infection with tuberculosis or schistosomiasis. These infections are rare in the United States. Uterine complications related to these infections are even less common.

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Perinatal Infections

Toxoplasmosis, other (syphilis, hepatitis, zoster), rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex, or TORCH infections, are a group of maternal infections that have few maternal symptoms, lack effective therapy and can have major consequences for the fetus. Infections have plagued humankind since the beginning of recorded history. Obstetricians who deal with both the mother and fetus are faced with balancing the health of both. Many infections may have mild, if any, effects on the mother but cause devastating damage to the fetus, especially if they occur in early pregnancy. In addition to the difficulties in diagnosis because of the frequent lack of symptoms, the problem is compounded by the fact that most of these infections are viral, with no specific therapy. Other organisms infect the fetus during the birth process, resulting in serious and sometimes lethal neonatal illness. More recent evidence seems to point to an infectious etiology to premature labor and possibly even to cerebral palsy.

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vaginal Prolapse

In vaginal prolapse the vagina stretches or expands to protrude on other organs and structures. In vaginal prolapse the vagina stretches or expands to protrude on other organs and structures. The situation seldom involves the vagina alone. Supports for the uterus often stretch allowing it to also fall (prolapse) when a woman strains during a bowel movement. When the protrusion involves the front (anterior) of the vagina and bladder, the presentation is called a cystocele or dropped bladder, When the back (posterior) of the vagina and rectum are involved, the presentation is called are rectocele, When the anterior vaginal wall and small bowel are involved the situation is called an enterocele. Many women do not have any symptoms. Those that have symptoms may note a fullness or discomfort in the vagina, a sensation of heaviness or pulling in the pelvis and/or low backache that is relieved when lying down. Other symptoms may be urinary frequency and/or stress incontinence – passing urine when laughing, coughing or exercising.

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Prolapse

Uterine prolapse occurs when pelvic floor muscles and ligaments stretch and weaken and no longer provide enough support for the uterus. As a result, the uterus slips down into or protrudes out of the vagina. Uterine prolapse can occur in women of any age. But it often affects postmenopausal women who’ve had one or more vaginal deliveries.
Symptoms: Mild uterine prolapse generally doesn’t cause signs or symptoms. Signs and symptoms of moderate to severe uterine prolapse include: Sensation of heaviness or pulling in your pelvis, Tissue protruding from your vagina, Urinary problems, such as urine leakage (incontinence) or urine retention, Trouble having a bowel movement, Feeling as if you’re sitting on a small ball or as if something is falling out of your vagina, Sexual concerns, such as a sensation of looseness in the tone of your vaginal tissue.

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Preterm Labor

Preterm labor occurs when regular contractions result in the opening of your cervix after week 20 and before week 37 of pregnancy. Preterm labor can result in premature birth. The earlier premature birth happens, the greater the health risks for your baby. Many premature babies (preemies) need special care in the neonatal intensive care unit. Preemies can also have long-term mental and physical disabilities. Symptoms: Signs and symptoms of preterm labor include: Regular or frequent sensations of abdominal tightening (contractions), Constant low, dull backache, A sensation of pelvic or lower abdominal pressure, Mild abdominal cramps, Vaginal spotting or light bleeding, Preterm rupture of membranes – in a gush or a continuous trickle of fluid after the membrane around the baby breaks or tears, A change in type of vaginal discharge – watery, mucus-like or bloody.

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Use Of Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a natural hormone that causes the uterus to contract. Oxytocin is used to induce labor or strengthen labor contractions during childbirth, and to control bleeding after childbirth. Oxytocin is also used to stimulate uterine contractions in a woman with an incomplete or threatened miscarriage. Oxytocin is injected into a vein through an IV. You will receive this injection in a hospital setting. Your contractions and other vital signs will be watched closely while you are receiving oxytocin. Oxytocin side effects: Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Tell your caregivers at once if you have a serious side effect such as: a fast, slow, or uneven heart rate; excessive bleeding long after childbirth; low levels of sodium in the body–headache, confusion, slurred speech, severe weakness, vomiting, loss of coordination, feeling unsteady; or increased blood pressure–severe headache, blurred vision, pounding in your neck or ears, anxiety, nosebleed.

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Therapeutic abortion

Therapeutic abortion is the ending of a pregnancy on purpose. A medical abortion is done by taking medicine. This procedure is done in early pregnancy. It can be done up to 8 weeks. This process is not the same as emergency contraception. An abortion ends a pregnancy that has started. Emergency contraception helps prevent pregnancy.
Reasons for Procedure: A therapeutic abortion may be done to: Preserve the mother’s physical and mental health, End a pregnancy that tests have shown would result in a child with severe abnormalities
Possible Complications: Complications are rare. But, no procedure is completely free of risk. If you are planning to have an abortion, your doctor will review a list of possible complications. These may include: Infection, Allergic reaction, Heavy bleeding, Incomplete procedure.

Femal repro organs

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